Here are some questions on static routing, the OSI model, IP version 6, and other topics to help prepare you for CCNA, CCENT, and CCNP certification exam success! Network+ candidates, I didn’t leave you out!
CCNA Certification:
What character or combination of characters indicates a statically configured default route?
Answer: An "S*" next to a route indicates that it is a default static route. If there were no asterisk, the route type indicated would be a static route – but not a default static route.
CCENT Certification / Network+ Certification Question:
Which one of the following networking terms is not associated with the same OSI layer as the others?
A. router
B. packet
C. TCP
D. IP
Answer: C. TCP runs at the Transport layer of the OSI model. The other three terms are associated with the Network layer. The Network layer is sometimes referred to as the “routing layer”.
CCNP Certification / BSCI Exam:
If an IPv6 address begins with "FF", what kind of address is it?
A. broadcast
B. unicast
C. anycast
D. multicast
Answer: D. Any IPv6 address beginning with "FF" is a multicast. IPv6 does not use broadcasts.
CCNP Certification / BCMSN Exam:
You've configured an Etherchannel and note that the trunk has gone down. You check the interfaces on one switch and note that two are "err-disabled". The corresponding ports on the other switch are not. What should you do?
A. Nothing - that's the normal and desired behavior.
B. Shut and reopen the err-disabled interfaces.
C. Shut and reopen the non-err-disabled interfaces.
D. Use the err-abled command on the err-disabled interfaces.
Answer: B. After finishing the config, shut and reopen the err-disabled interfaces. If the configuration is correct, that will do the trick. This is common when you configure all of the ports on one switch and then start configuring the other switch, rather than going back and forth between the appropriate ports on the switches.
See you soon with more CCNA, Network+, CCNP, and CCENT questions!
Showing posts with label CCNA. Show all posts
Showing posts with label CCNA. Show all posts
Friday, June 6, 2008
Sunday, June 1, 2008
Cisco CCNA, CCENT, CCNP, And CompTIA Questions: HSRP, OSPF Cost, Route Summarization
Let's test your knowledge of important CCNA, CCENT, CCNP, and Network+ exam topics!
CCNA Certification:
The term used for an OSPF path metric is ____________ .
Extra credit: What formula does OSPF use to calculate that metric?
Answer: OSPF's metric is referred to as cost, and the calculation is 100,000,000 / interface speed in bps.
Cisco CCENT / CompTIA Network+ Question:
Which of the following do TCP and UDP headers have in common?
A. sequence number
B. source port
C. source IP address
D. window
E. destination port
F. destination IP address
G. ACK bit
H. reset bit
Answer: B, E. In addition to the source port and destination port numbers, the UDP and TCP headers also have a checksum field in common.
CCNP Certification / BSCI Exam:
In ISIS, what is the most efficient point of a network at which to perform route summarization?
A. An L1 router.
B. An L2 router.
C. An L1/L2 router.
D. A DIS router.
Answer: C. L1/L2 routers are area boundary routers in ISIS, and this is the most efficient point at which to configure route summarization
CCNP Certification / BCMSN Exam:
Short answer: An HSRP router is the primary router and it has a priority of 100. Another router comes online in the same group and it has a priority of 107. Does the new router become the primary? If so, why? If not, what additional configuration is needed to make it the primary?
Answer. By default, the new router with the higher priority will not become the primary router. To allow a router with a higher priority to take over the role of HSRP primary from an existing and normally functioning primary, the preempt option must be configured on the router with the higher priority.
Let's use a two-router HSRP deployment as an example. R2 is the standby, R3 is the primary ("active"), and both have an HSRP priority of 100. Raising R2's priority to 150 does not automatically make it the primary, as shown below.
R2(config)#interface ethernet0
R2(config-if)#standby 5 priority 150
R2#show standby
Ethernet0 - Group 5
Local state is Standby, priority 150
Hellotime 4 sec, holdtime 12 sec Next hello sent in 0.896
Virtual IP address is 172.12.23.10 configured
Active router is 172.12.23.3, priority 100 expires in 8.072
Standby router is local 1 state changes, last state change 00:14:24
R2 now has a higher priority, but R3 is still the active router. R2 will not take over as the HSRP primary until R3 goes down - OR the preempt option is configured on R2.
R2(config-if)#standby 5 priority 150 preempt
1d11h: %STANDBY-6-STATECHANGE: Ethernet0 Group 5 state Standby -> Active
R2#show standby
Ethernet0 - Group 5
Local state is Active, priority 150, may preempt
Hellotime 4 sec, holdtime 12 sec Next hello sent in 1.844
Virtual IP address is 172.12.23.10 configured
Active router is local
Standby router is 172.12.23.3 expires in 10.204
Virtual mac address is 0000.0c07.ac05 2 state changes, last state change 00:00:13
That's enough for today! Look for more free Cisco and CompTIA certification exam questions on this website soon! A+ certification and Microsoft Vista certification practice questions are on the way as well!
by: Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933
CCNA Certification:
The term used for an OSPF path metric is ____________ .
Extra credit: What formula does OSPF use to calculate that metric?
Answer: OSPF's metric is referred to as cost, and the calculation is 100,000,000 / interface speed in bps.
Cisco CCENT / CompTIA Network+ Question:
Which of the following do TCP and UDP headers have in common?
A. sequence number
B. source port
C. source IP address
D. window
E. destination port
F. destination IP address
G. ACK bit
H. reset bit
Answer: B, E. In addition to the source port and destination port numbers, the UDP and TCP headers also have a checksum field in common.
CCNP Certification / BSCI Exam:
In ISIS, what is the most efficient point of a network at which to perform route summarization?
A. An L1 router.
B. An L2 router.
C. An L1/L2 router.
D. A DIS router.
Answer: C. L1/L2 routers are area boundary routers in ISIS, and this is the most efficient point at which to configure route summarization
CCNP Certification / BCMSN Exam:
Short answer: An HSRP router is the primary router and it has a priority of 100. Another router comes online in the same group and it has a priority of 107. Does the new router become the primary? If so, why? If not, what additional configuration is needed to make it the primary?
Answer. By default, the new router with the higher priority will not become the primary router. To allow a router with a higher priority to take over the role of HSRP primary from an existing and normally functioning primary, the preempt option must be configured on the router with the higher priority.
Let's use a two-router HSRP deployment as an example. R2 is the standby, R3 is the primary ("active"), and both have an HSRP priority of 100. Raising R2's priority to 150 does not automatically make it the primary, as shown below.
R2(config)#interface ethernet0
R2(config-if)#standby 5 priority 150
R2#show standby
Ethernet0 - Group 5
Local state is Standby, priority 150
Hellotime 4 sec, holdtime 12 sec Next hello sent in 0.896
Virtual IP address is 172.12.23.10 configured
Active router is 172.12.23.3, priority 100 expires in 8.072
Standby router is local 1 state changes, last state change 00:14:24
R2 now has a higher priority, but R3 is still the active router. R2 will not take over as the HSRP primary until R3 goes down - OR the preempt option is configured on R2.
R2(config-if)#standby 5 priority 150 preempt
1d11h: %STANDBY-6-STATECHANGE: Ethernet0 Group 5 state Standby -> Active
R2#show standby
Ethernet0 - Group 5
Local state is Active, priority 150, may preempt
Hellotime 4 sec, holdtime 12 sec Next hello sent in 1.844
Virtual IP address is 172.12.23.10 configured
Active router is local
Standby router is 172.12.23.3 expires in 10.204
Virtual mac address is 0000.0c07.ac05 2 state changes, last state change 00:00:13
That's enough for today! Look for more free Cisco and CompTIA certification exam questions on this website soon! A+ certification and Microsoft Vista certification practice questions are on the way as well!
by: Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933
Saturday, May 31, 2008
Cisco CCNA, CCENT, And CCNP Home Lab Study: The DTE/DCE Cable
More Cisco CCNA, CCENT, and CCNP candidates than ever before are putting together their own home labs for their certification exam study, and that's a great trend - there's nothing like learning on the real thing!
Part of putting a home lab together is getting the right cables and understanding their usage. In this new Cisco home lab series, we'll take a look at the different cable types and how each fits into your home lab. The first cable type we'll look at is the multi-purpose DTE/DCE cable.
When I say "multi-purpose", I mean that while the cable will always perform the same task, it can be used in several different points in your home lab network. If you're going to have a frame relay switch - and you should get one if at all possible, since having your own frame relay cloud is a tremendous boost to your home lab studies and your exam score - you're going to need a DTE/DCE cable.
You can also use a DTE/DCE cable to directly connect two Cisco router serial interfaces and configure HDLC (the default) or PPP encapsulation over that point-to-point link.
Most of today's DTE/DCE cables have "DTE" clearly stamped on one end of the cable - actually, "DTE" is probably embedded into the connector itself. Naturally, the other end will have "DCE" clearly indicated. It's the DCE end that will connect to your frame relay switch. If you're going to use a direct connection to run PPP or HDLC, it almost doesn't matter which end of the cable is connected to a given router.
Keyword: "almost". You must use the clockrate command on the DCE end of the connection in order to bring the line protocol up.
If you're not sure which end of your DTE/DCE cable is connected to a given serial interface, just use the show controller serial command to get that information. Most of the output of that command isn't comprehensible, but what we need is right on top:
R3#show controller serial 1
HD unit 1, idb = 0x11B4DC, driver structure at 0x121868
buffer size 1524 HD unit 1, V.35 DCE cable
Naturally, if it's the DTE end, you'll see "DTE" there. And if you don't have anything connected to that interface, you'll see "no cable".
Whether you have your own frame relay switch or not, you'll want to pick up some DTE/DCE cables for direct connections between your Cisco home lab router's serial interfaces. Just don't forget to put the clockrate command on the DCE end of the cable! And if you're not familiar with a frame relay switch, check this same website soon for a tutorial that will show you how to set one up.
Just about any Cisco router can serve as a home lab frame relay switch, and once you've got it configured, you're in good shape - but it can be a little maddening to get it up and running in the first place. I'll show you how to avoid that aggravation in the next installment of this Cisco home lab tutorial series!
by: Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933
Part of putting a home lab together is getting the right cables and understanding their usage. In this new Cisco home lab series, we'll take a look at the different cable types and how each fits into your home lab. The first cable type we'll look at is the multi-purpose DTE/DCE cable.
When I say "multi-purpose", I mean that while the cable will always perform the same task, it can be used in several different points in your home lab network. If you're going to have a frame relay switch - and you should get one if at all possible, since having your own frame relay cloud is a tremendous boost to your home lab studies and your exam score - you're going to need a DTE/DCE cable.
You can also use a DTE/DCE cable to directly connect two Cisco router serial interfaces and configure HDLC (the default) or PPP encapsulation over that point-to-point link.
Most of today's DTE/DCE cables have "DTE" clearly stamped on one end of the cable - actually, "DTE" is probably embedded into the connector itself. Naturally, the other end will have "DCE" clearly indicated. It's the DCE end that will connect to your frame relay switch. If you're going to use a direct connection to run PPP or HDLC, it almost doesn't matter which end of the cable is connected to a given router.
Keyword: "almost". You must use the clockrate command on the DCE end of the connection in order to bring the line protocol up.
If you're not sure which end of your DTE/DCE cable is connected to a given serial interface, just use the show controller serial command to get that information. Most of the output of that command isn't comprehensible, but what we need is right on top:
R3#show controller serial 1
HD unit 1, idb = 0x11B4DC, driver structure at 0x121868
buffer size 1524 HD unit 1, V.35 DCE cable
Naturally, if it's the DTE end, you'll see "DTE" there. And if you don't have anything connected to that interface, you'll see "no cable".
Whether you have your own frame relay switch or not, you'll want to pick up some DTE/DCE cables for direct connections between your Cisco home lab router's serial interfaces. Just don't forget to put the clockrate command on the DCE end of the cable! And if you're not familiar with a frame relay switch, check this same website soon for a tutorial that will show you how to set one up.
Just about any Cisco router can serve as a home lab frame relay switch, and once you've got it configured, you're in good shape - but it can be a little maddening to get it up and running in the first place. I'll show you how to avoid that aggravation in the next installment of this Cisco home lab tutorial series!
by: Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933
Friday, May 30, 2008
CCNA, CCENT, Network+, And Security+ Practice Questions: TCP, UDP, Smurf Attacks, And More!
Let’s test your knowledge of UDP, TCP, smurf attacks, EIGRP, and more with these questions designed to help you prepare for success on your CCENT, CCNA, CCNP, Network+, and Security+ certification exams!
CCENT Certification / Network+ Certification:
Which of the following protocols runs on both UDP and TCP?
A. DHCP
B. SNMP
C. DNS
D. ARP
E. Inverse ARP
Answer: C. DNS runs on port 53, both on TCP and UDP.
Security+ Certification:
Briefly define the term "smurf attack". (Not too briefly, though!)
Answer: Basically, a smurf attack involves sends ICMP Echo packets (pings) with the intended victim's IP address specified as the source of the Echo packets. This transmission takes the form of a directed broadcast, which means that quite a few hosts can receive it - and then respond with ICMP Echo Replies, which will all be sent to the intended victim.
CCNA Exam:
R1 and R3 are directly connected at their respective Serial1 interfaces via a DTE/DCE cable. What command will tell you whether the interface is connected to the DTE or DCE end of the cable?
Answer: Run show controller serial 1 on either router - the DTE / DCE information is near the top of the output.
CCNP Certification / BSCI Exam:
DUAL has discovered four possible paths to a remote network, with the following metrics: PathA, 1500. PathB, 1500. PathC, 2600. PathD, 3100. What command will allow EIGRP to use the first three paths without using the fourth?
Answer: variance 2 would do the job. Any path with a metric of 3000 or lower will be utilized; setting it to 3 would bring PathD into the equation.
CCNP Certification / BCMSN Exam:
What is the main purpose of IEEE 802.3ac?
Answer: The IEEE 802.3ac standard allows the maximum frame length to be extended to 1522 bytes, which means the dot1q 4-byte header doesn't cause problems in transmission.
CCNP Certification / ONT Exam:
Which queueing strategy gives priority to interactive, low-bandwidth communications by default?
Answer: Weighted Fair Queueing (WFQ) gives priority to interactive, low-bandwidth conversations, and then splits the remaining bandwidth fairly among the remaining conversations.
Look for a new set of Cisco and CompTIA certification exam questions soon!
by: Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933
CCENT Certification / Network+ Certification:
Which of the following protocols runs on both UDP and TCP?
A. DHCP
B. SNMP
C. DNS
D. ARP
E. Inverse ARP
Answer: C. DNS runs on port 53, both on TCP and UDP.
Security+ Certification:
Briefly define the term "smurf attack". (Not too briefly, though!)
Answer: Basically, a smurf attack involves sends ICMP Echo packets (pings) with the intended victim's IP address specified as the source of the Echo packets. This transmission takes the form of a directed broadcast, which means that quite a few hosts can receive it - and then respond with ICMP Echo Replies, which will all be sent to the intended victim.
CCNA Exam:
R1 and R3 are directly connected at their respective Serial1 interfaces via a DTE/DCE cable. What command will tell you whether the interface is connected to the DTE or DCE end of the cable?
Answer: Run show controller serial 1 on either router - the DTE / DCE information is near the top of the output.
CCNP Certification / BSCI Exam:
DUAL has discovered four possible paths to a remote network, with the following metrics: PathA, 1500. PathB, 1500. PathC, 2600. PathD, 3100. What command will allow EIGRP to use the first three paths without using the fourth?
Answer: variance 2 would do the job. Any path with a metric of 3000 or lower will be utilized; setting it to 3 would bring PathD into the equation.
CCNP Certification / BCMSN Exam:
What is the main purpose of IEEE 802.3ac?
Answer: The IEEE 802.3ac standard allows the maximum frame length to be extended to 1522 bytes, which means the dot1q 4-byte header doesn't cause problems in transmission.
CCNP Certification / ONT Exam:
Which queueing strategy gives priority to interactive, low-bandwidth communications by default?
Answer: Weighted Fair Queueing (WFQ) gives priority to interactive, low-bandwidth conversations, and then splits the remaining bandwidth fairly among the remaining conversations.
Look for a new set of Cisco and CompTIA certification exam questions soon!
by: Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933
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